![]() , and others, all of which are higher-order functions. JavaScript has several functions that work with arrays like map() These are functions that can take other functions as arguments. ![]() Take, for example, higher-order functions. That said, there are plenty of functional programming paradigms built into JavaScript. While you can use functional programming paradigms in the language, you can just as easily use an object-oriented approach. Some programming languages allow functional programming while others either encourage or even enforce it. Functional programming was originally used in academic environments, but can also help to prevent these sorts of problems. That said, it can make programs harder to maintain, as it's not always clear what is altering state or data. In practical programs, sometimes this makes sense. A method may even alter data or state if not explicitly stated. In object-oriented programming, you often have a base object with various methods dedicated to changing either data or state that are part of that object. This is a dramatic departure from something like object-oriented programming. This means that given the same input, the function's output will always remain the same. Ideally, functions should be pure whenever possible in functional programming. ![]() Instead, it should take its input and give you an output. A function shouldn't touch various parts of your program. There is a similarity to the Unix philosophy that each program should do one thing well. In functional programming, the function should never change the original data or program state. You pass data into a function, and it generally returns that data transformed or some other type of data. If you don't have a mathematical background, this could leave you feeling confused.īasically, functional programming treats functions and data as immutable. This is because the functional programming paradigm treats computing like mathematical functions. If you have a background in mathematics, you have a head start on functional programming. While you can apply functional programming paradigms in many languages, there are still some where you'll feel much more comfortable. After all, not all programming languages are created equal. The term is thrown about fairly often, but what does it mean?Įven if you're aware of what functional programming is, you may be unclear about which languages are best suited for it. If you spend any amount of time reading up on programming trends on the internet, you'll have heard about functional programming.
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